Areas for further research

• Examine the relationship between tobacco control policies, the availability of treatment programs, and tobacco users' desires to quit.
• Examine the population impact of strategies to encourage the use of pharmacological treatments for purposes other than cessation e.g., temporary relief of withdrawal symptoms and for harm reduction, and the impact of such uses on quitting.
• Continue research on the cost-effectiveness of tobacco dependence treatments, especially in lower-income countries.
• Examine cessation approaches to adolescent and pregnant tobacco users.
• Examine approaches to cessation in special population groups, including mentally ill and patients with other addictions
• Continue exploration of policy related to harm reduction.